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Ghana's contribution to ECOWAS

 Ghana, as one of the founding and active members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), has made significant contributions to the organization's objectives and activities. Some of Ghana's key contributions to ECOWAS are as follows: Commitment to Regional Integration: Ghana has consistently demonstrated a strong commitment to regional integration within ECOWAS. It actively participates in regional meetings, summits, and conferences, contributing to the decision-making processes and policy formulations of the organization. Promotion of Democracy and Good Governance: Ghana is known for its stable democracy and good governance practices. As a member of ECOWAS, Ghana has been actively involved in promoting democratic principles, conducting free and fair elections, and supporting democratic transitions in other member states. Advocacy for Peace and Security: Ghana has played an important role in advocating for peace and security in the West African region. It has...
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BANTU SPEAKERS CAUSES OF THEIR MIGRATION

 ➢ Bantu is a linguistic word of black people who have a common word NTU or NDU in their language. ➢ These people originated from the west sudanic area (West Africa) i.e. Niger Congo basin. ➢ When they reached in South Africa, they were considered a largest group of people in South Africa. ➢ They were composed of 4 major groups i.e. the, Shon, Sotho – Tswana, the Nguni- Tsonga and Aherero Ambo Ovambo Herero. ➢ Their arrival in South Africa is not certain but it is sayed they reached in South Africa in the 10th century. ➢ The different groups of Bantu reached south Africa in different places at different times. ➢ Increase in population in their homeland made them look for vacant areas. ➢ They were searching for water of their animals. ➢ They wanted fertile land where they could practice agriculture. ➢ They had internal conflicts among the various Bantu groups. ➢ The development of iron working which created a need to be exported beyond their homeland. ➢ They were looking for food because famine had hit them. ➢ Much of the grass had withered therefore they were looking for pasture for their animals. ➢ They faced external attacks from luo pygmies’ people, which made them to migrate. ➢ Diseases like nagana, sleeping sickness that attacked made them to look free disease and pest areas attacked them. ➢ Bandwagon influence. Some migrated because they saw others doing so. ➢ They wanted to adventure beyond their homeland. Summarized notes of the History of South Africa, July 2019 Page | 9 ➢ They wanted to trade their produced iron equipment including knives, spears and arrows. ➢ Natural calamities like flood, locusts, earthquakes which hit them made them to live the homeland. ➢ Development in their political administration necessitated them to go and rule others. ➢ They were nomadic in nature that practiced shifting cultivation there fore without drought they had to migrate from their home land. ➢ Oppressive leadership in their societies.  

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